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Jennifer Marohasy

Jennifer Marohasy

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Militant Islamic Group Joins Environmental Campaign in Indonesia

July 30, 2007 By jennifer

Abu Bakar Bashir, the well known spiritual leader of militant Islamic group, Jemaah Islamiya, has now joined forces with Indonesia’s largest environmental organisation, WALHI, to protest against US-based mining corporation Newmont.

walhisouthcourtsmall.jpg
from http://richardness.org/blog/walhisstrangebedfellows.php

I’ve previously written about the Buyat Bay saga – where Richard Ness and Newmont were accused of having polluted a fishing village and its fringing coral reef with mine tailings.

You may remember that the story made the front page of The New York Times and that five miners, including Australian Phil Turner, were arrested and thrown into a Jakarta jail in September 2004. Richard’s son Eric runs a blog on the saga entitled ‘Watching My Dad’s Trial’.

When the claims of pollution where investigated by The World Health Organisation and CSIRO they were found to be bogus – a hoax. You can read a summary of the saga in my latest piece for the IPA Review entitled Politics and the Environment in Indonesia. There are copies of both reports’ at Eric’s website.

Richard Ness and Newmont were cleared of all charges in April this year, but the finding has been appealed.

In her journalism master’s thesis entitled ‘Tall Tailings: Truth and Friction in the Buyat Mining Scandal’ Canadian Kendyl Salcito suggested some of the key protagonists in the saga are members of the Islamic organisation known as Hizb ut-Tahrir.

Muhammad Al Khaththah, the leader of the Indonesian chapter of Hizb-ut Tahrir, appears in the above photograph with Abu Bakar Bashir.

It is perhaps not surprising that militant environmental and Islamic organisations are joining forces, they both believe that issues of poverty and corruption are a consequence of capitalism and the exploitation of people and natural resources by large multinational corporations. As a consequence many Islamic and environmental activists want to close down mining in Indonesia – at least the most efficient, high tec, modern systems of mining. Interestingly they are supported by activists from countries like Australia and Canada – countries that continue to enjoy a high standard of living as a consequence, at least in part, of capitalism and mining.

Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: Mining

Tiger an Endangered Species: A Note from Brendan Moyle

July 30, 2007 By jennifer

SUPPOSE you took an endangered species and put in a plan to save it. But after five years, there is no sign of reversing the catastrophic decline in numbers.

Surely you would recognise the plan is not working and look for alternatives?

There has been a catastrophic decline in numbers of tigers in the wild, particularly in India. Only in China are numbers increasing and that is because they are being farmed. That’s right – reared in large cages.

But what did conservationists decide to do at the recent Convention on the International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) in The Hague? They decided to restrict the captive breeding programs in China without coming up with a solution to the problem of poaching in India.

China has perhaps 60 wild tigers left, Russia has maybe 400, and India has seen its population crash to about 2500.

Orthodox conservation plans based on protection have failed the tiger.

The answer may lie in tiger farming and removing the international ban on the sale of tiger parts. A coalition of groups led by the Indian economist Barun Mitra last week called on the international meeting in The Hague to lift the ban arguing, simply, that when trade is outlawed only outlaws trade.

Poaching is one of the biggest threats to the tiger’s survival. But poaching was once a problem for crocodile conservation too. Widespread crocodile farming and a CITES-sanctioned trade drove poachers out of the market. The same approach could be applied to tigers.

China has perhaps 5000 tigers in captive facilities (the US has closer to 10,000). Tigers aren’t all that complicated to breed. But tiger farming is unpalatable to many people – it seems unethical, cold blooded.

It isn’t clear what makes tigers special. Various wild animals are farmed or ranched, including crocodiles, emus, parrots and butterflies. And in terms of cruelty, having wild tigers killed by traps or inefficient poisons in India, far exceeds the fate of tigers in farms. It might be nicer to see tigers in the wild than on farms, but to make that happen we need to close down the black market.

The Chinese have got an excellent monitoring system for captive tigers. Every captive tiger has been micro-chipped and blood taken for DNA profiling. They can follow a chain-of-custody from farms to customers. The technology to prove tiger products are legally sourced is in place. Laundering poached tiger bone faces major hurdles.

Sanctions for trading or possessing tiger parts are harsh and can include the death penalty. Smugglers are being caught, but demand and the lure of the very high black market prices is keeping the trade alive.

The big market is tiger bone, used in traditional Chinese medicine for treating bone diseases. Tiger farms in China report visitors and their families begging for bones for treating serious arthritis. Whether we believe that tiger bone is effective or not is irrelevant – millions of Chinese consumers do, trusting in centuries-old medical tradition. Demand has not been curbed by Western NGO campaigns condemning the practice and the illegal supply of tiger bone has not been stopped by government bans. Wild tiger populations are paying the price.

Most black market tiger bone is actually fake. It is expensive for smugglers to procure tiger bone in India, smuggle it through Nepal, over the Himalayas, through Tibet and into China’s eastern regions. Shooting a local cow and passing its bones off as tiger is much easier. But this dependence on fakes does nothing to relieve the pressure on small wild tiger populations struggling to absorb losses from poaching. Last week the international community could have supported incentives for a range of commercial activities from eco-tourism, to breeding tigers and trade in body parts.

Barum Mitra believes the tiger can become economically viable and thereby survive in the wild – as well as continuing as a charismatic and culturally rich species.

An internationally sanctioned and regulated trade promised solutions to major threats facing tigers. It promises to create opportunities for habitat protection and the revival of the species.

Farming and trading have worked for other species. Last week in The Hague an opportunity for a new plan, a new approach to tiger conservation was lost. A growing tragedy for much of our wildlife is that we have become too timid to jettison ineffectual strategies when they don’t work.

Dr Brendan Moyle is a zoologist and senior lecturer at Massey University, New Zealand, and has a blog with great wildlife photographs:
http://my.opera.com/chthoniid/blog/

Republished today from the Courier Mail with permission from the author: http://www.news.com.au/couriermail/story/0,23739,22153644-27197,00.html

Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: Plants and Animals

More from Marc Morano (Part 6)

July 29, 2007 By jennifer

1. Renewable energy wrecks environment, scientist claims

Excerpt: Renewable energy wrecks environment, scientist claims Renewable does not mean green. That is the claim of Jesse Ausubel of the Rockefeller University in New York. Writing in Inderscience’s International Journal of Nuclear Governance, Economy and Ecology, Ausubel explains that building enough wind farms, damming enough rivers, and growing enough biomass to meet global energy demands will wreck the environment.

http://www.physorg.com/news104509955.html

2. Canadian mayor calls Gore ‘junk scientist’ who ‘trades on fear’

Excerpt: “I think there’s a lot of junk science out there that’s masquerading as true science,” the Mayor (Andy Wells, St. John’s) told CanWest News Service yesterday, “and I think as a consequence public agencies and organizations such as municipal councils are making stupid decisions.” < > Mr. Wells said Mr. Gore, Mr. Suzuki and the Sierra Club of Canada trade on fear

to scare Canadians into giving them money to fund their activities.

http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/news/story.html?id=cbcc9ff4-6532-4d21-a103-597691d4707c&k=45172

3. Report: NYC Celeb Sighting: Julia Roberts seen in SUV!

Excerpt: Roberts party of four disappointingly rolled up to the restaurant in a chauffeured black Yukon Denali. At 13 mpg in the city and using unleaded gasoline, this vehicle isn’t quite what we were expecting from Julia.

http://www.ecorazzi.com/?p=3406

But…Flashback: Julia Roberts named “Most Beautiful Environmentalist” by People Magazine in April 2007

Excerpt: Julia Roberts got top spot for most beautiful environmentalist, “Getting the nation’s 500,000 school buses to switch from fossil fuels to cleaner-burning biodiesel fules, which are refined from vegetable oils.”

http://www.greenoptions.com/2007/04/27/green_celebs_people_magazines_most_beautiful_list_angelina_jolie_julia_roberts_leonardo_dicaprio

Flashback: Julia Roberts Gets On The (Eco-Fuels) Bus

Excerpt: The biodiesel-fueled bus that is. The pretty woman will be helping biodiesel producer Earth Biofuels promote a program to encourage the use of biodiesel in more than 500,000 diesel school buses nationwide. A recent addition to the Earth Biofuels board of directors, Ms. Roberts will serve as a spokesperson for the eco-fuel. ”It’s very important that we expand our use of clean energy and make a long-term commitment to it. Biodiesel and ethanol are better for the environment and for the air we breathe,” Roberts said in an announcement about her new role.

http://www.treehugger.com/files/2006/07/julia_roberts_g.php

Maybe it’s time for Julia Roberts to take the Gore Pledge (From April 2007)

Excerpt: Hollywood Celebrities Challenged To Take The “Gore Pledge” Senator James Inhofe (R-OK): “With Earth Day this Sunday, I am issuing an Earth Day Challenge to Hollywood’s global warming activists who talk the talk to walk the walk,” Senator Inhofe said. “I am asking celebrity activists to take the ‘Gore Pledge’ to reduce their home energy usage to that of the average American. Activists in Hollywood who assert that mankind only has 10 years left to act in order to avoid a climate catastrophe have made personal energy use a cornerstone of their pleas to the general public to save the planet. Hollywood activists should make personal energy sacrifices themselves before demanding others do so.

http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.PressReleases&ContentRecord_id=10717b57-802a-23ad-400e-29c8948450c8&Region_id=&Issue_id=

4. Senator Want new Federal Bureaucracy Modeled after Federal Reserve

Excerpt: Under the senators’ plan, companies faced with mandatory pollution cuts could borrow with interest against their future requirements should the carbon price persist beyond Congressional Budget Office estimates. If the borrowing does not work, more allowances would be temporarily released into the market with the caveat that future pollution requirements get tougher. Under the measure, a new seven-member Carbon Market Efficiency Board would have direct oversight of the system. Bill supporters explained yesterday the presidentially appointed board would operate in many ways like the Federal Reserve monitors inflation, interest rates and the overall U.S. economy.

Sen. James Inhofe (R-Okla.) offered a more critical perspective on the cost plan. “Constructing new federal bureaucracies like the proposed ‘Carbon Market Efficiency Board’ will do nothing to alter the climate or solve the economic issues,” said Inhofe, the ranking member of the Senate Environment and Public Works Committee. Inhofe cited Massachusetts Institute of Technology climate scientist Richard Lindzen, who said in March, “Controlling carbon is a bureaucrat’s dream. If you control carbon, you control life.”

http://www.eenews.net/Greenwire/print/2007/07/24/12 (Subscription required) Greenwire July 24, 2007

5. General Electric Co. issued a credit card on Wednesday it says will be the first to cut help U.S. cardholders voluntarily cut emissions linked to global warming

Excerpt: The card, called GE Money Earth Rewards Platinum Mastercard, allows users the option of automatically contributing up to one percent of their card purchases to buy greenhouse emissions offsets.

http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20070725/us_nm/emissions_ge_dc

6. Former GOP Leader Dick Armey: Tell [Florida’s] Governor Crist To Stop Pandering to Radical Environmentalists!

Excerpt: As you may know already, Florida Governor Charlie Crist has made a deal with radical environmentalists. Armey’s Axiom is “If you make a deal with the devil you are the junior partner.” Under pressure from Al Gore and his liberal buddies in Hollywood, Governor Crist has issued three executive orders that would: force reductions in greenhouse gas emissions, impose California-style carbon dioxide motor vehicle standards and force appliances to meet certain “efficiency” standards. Crist is also “warming” up to the Europeans, inviting British and German officials to “discuss and promote initiatives that broaden the Kyoto Protocol and reduce the emission of greenhouse gases beyond 2012.”

http://www.freedomworks.org/newsroom/press_template.php?press_id=2268

7. Prius Politics

Excerpt: Prius politics promises to conquer global warming without public displeasure. Gains will occur invisibly through business mandates, regulations and subsidies. That’s why higher fuel economy standards are acceptable. They seem painless. It sounds too good to be true — and it is. Costs are disguised. Mandates and subsidies will give rise to protected markets. Companies (utilities, auto companies, investment banks) will manipulate rules for competitive advantage. There will be more opportunity for private profit than public gain. The government’s support for ethanol is instructive. In 2006, 20 percent of the U.S. corn crop went for ethanol; the share is rising. Driven by demand for feed and fuel, corn prices have soared. With food costs increasing, inflation has worsened. The program is mostly an income transfer from consumers to producers and ethanol refiners. Americans’ oil use and greenhouse gas output haven’t declined.

http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/07/24/AR2007072401855.html

8. Forecaster cuts 2007 hurricane outlook

Excerpt: The 2007 hurricane season may be less severe than forecast due to cooler-than-expected water temperatures in the tropical Atlantic, private forecaster WSI Corp said on Tuesday.The season will bring 14 named storms, of which six will become hurricanes and three will become major hurricanes, WSI said in its revised outlook. WSI had previously expected 15 named storms of which eight would become hurricanes and four would become major hurricanes.

http://news.yahoo.com/s/nm/20070724/sc_nm/weather_hurricanes_forecasts_dc_1

9. Claim: Human activity altering rainfall patterns

Dr. Zwiers, one of Canada’s most respected thinkers on global warming, explained this human activity is causing a stronger water cycle, moving more water vapour away from the warmest parts of the planet and pushing it toward the poles. This is what is making wet areas wetter, and dry areas drier. Furthermore, higher use of fossil fuels in the Northern Hemisphere appears to be nudging the central rain band off the equator and driving it farther south, he said.

http://www.theglobeandmail.com/servlet/story/RTGAM.20070724.wclimate24/BNStory/Science/home

10. Happy 10th, Byrd-Hagel

Excerpt: It was ten years ago today that the Senate unanimously instructed the Clinton-Gore administration to not go to Kyoto and agree to that pact, or anything else that met certain proscribed characteristics which happen to describe Kyoto to a Tee.

This became known as the “Byrd-Hagel” resolution, most of whose terms have found their way into subsequent resolutions. In short, nothing has changed on this front in a decade – despite desperate claims that, by so repeating these conditions, the Senate rejected them – except that we’ve learned how George W. Bush helped make the world hate us by agreeing with the Senate.

http://planetgore.nationalreview.com/post/?q=OWY4MDliOGQwMTUxZmRmOTRjMzk1NDM0NjE5ZDRkMTc=&p=1

11. Kyoto Anniversary: What it Means Today

Excerpt: Ten years ago today the U.S. Senate did something that at the time seemed significant and now seems remarkably foresightful. By a vote of 95 to 0, the Senate voted in favor of the Byrd-Hagel resolution, which expressed the Sense of the Senate on the upcoming global warming negotiations in Kyoto, Japan. < > Since Kyoto was negotiated in 1997, emissions have actually been rising faster in percentage terms in the EU than in the U.S. As for developing nations, no one in 1997 predicted that annual Chinese emissions would equal U.S. emissions within a decade, as happened this year. And Chinese emissions will continue to rise rapidly if their economic growth continues at around 10 percent per year. Thus, had the Senate ratified Kyoto, the U.S. would now be incurring huge economic costs to reduce emissions, while China and other rising competitors such as India and Brazil would not.

http://www.humanevents.com/article.php?id=21674

12. Inconvenient Global Warming Myths

Excerpt: When audiences ask Christopher Horner, author of the Politically Incorrect Guide to Global Warming, why he hasn’t made a video of his rebuttal to former Vice President Al Gore’s “Inconvenient Truth,” he responds, “Well, just imagine 90 minutes of icebergs not melting…” Horner works for the Competitive Enterprise Institute, a think tank which seeks free market solutions to environmental problems. “Climate change has never been secure,” the author of the Politically Incorrect New York Times bestseller points out. “This has nothing to do with the impact of humankind.” “Weather has always been unpredictable and severe.” “What about this 20 feet of sea level rise?” he asks. “It is now anywhere within a few inches.” “Sea levels have always risen and receded.” “The ‘90’s were the hottest decade on record except… they weren’t…,” continued Horner. “Since 1998, we should have warmed 4 or 5 degrees, but it has cooled. They have no explanation for it.” He imagines that the environmentalists object, “Who are you going to believe? Me or your lying eyes?”

http://www.campusreportonline.net/main/articles.php?id=1777

13. Citizen’s Guide to Global Warming

Excerpt: As this guide will show, Gore’s brand of over-the-top climate hysteria has nothing to do with reality. Whatever the risks of future climate change, they pale in comparison to the risks of the “wrenching transformation” sought by Gore and his environmentalist allies. The restrictions they seek to force on the world would require us to relinquish the energy consumption that undergirds the extraordinary prosperity, health, and comfort of life in the U.S., the nations of Europe, and other wealthy countries. At the same time, those restrictions would prevent individuals in the world’s poorest nations from aspiring to the rich world’s quality of life, consigning them instead to continued poverty and hardship. Environmentalists claim that their alarming view of the Earth’s climate represents the “consensus” of climate scientists, and that the scientific literature provides no room for a more benign assessment of the causes and nature of climate risks. In reality, papers that contradict this ostensible consensus are published in the major scientific journals nearly every week, and we discuss some of their results in the pages that follow.

http://www.johnlocke.org/policy_reports/display_story.html?id=86

14. Coal’s Doubters Block New Wave Of Power Plants

Excerpt: From coast to coast, plans for a new generation of coal-fired power plants are falling by the wayside as states conclude that conventional coal plants are too dirty to build and the cost of cleaner plants is too high. If significant numbers of new coal plants don’t get built in the U.S. in coming years, it will put pressure on officials to clear the path for other power sources, including nuclear power, or trim the nation’s electricity demand, which is expected to grow 1.8% this year. In a time of rising energy costs, officials also worry about the long-term consequences of their decisions, including higher prices or the potential for shortages.

http://online.wsj.com/article/SB118532834584277100.html?mod=hps_us_pageone

15. Orange Blossom Madness

Excerpt: TAS reported Monday (“Republican Governors Who Wilt”) that Republican governors in Minnesota and South Carolina have gone over to the dark side on this issue, adopting policies — hatched by environmentalists but with business types called in as unwitting perfumers — that restrict energy use in the name of saving us from the dreaded CO2. These policies are anti-freedom, anti-intellectual, and a threat to these state’s economies. But interest in them has metastasized across the land. The latest Republican governor to join the greenhouse gasbag bandwagon is Florida’s Charlie Crist. Charlie is the RINO’s RINO, who prefers and deserves the title of “populist.”

http://www.spectator.org/dsp_article.asp?art_id=11777

16. Senator Clinton Fails To Ask ‘Hard Questions’ About Yucca Mountain

Excerpt: Sen. James Inhofe (R-Okla.), Ranking Member of the Senate Environment & Public Works Committee, today blasted Senator Hillary Clinton (D-NY) for accusing the Senate Republicans this week of failing to ask the ‘hard questions’ about Yucca Mountain. Clinton failed to attend the last two EPW hearings on the issue. Senator Clinton was quoted asserting that the EPA (Environment Protection Agency) and DOE (Department of Energy) have been unaccountable to Congress because they have “not had to answer questions up until now because the Republican Congress has not been willing to ask the hard questions,” according to a July 22, 2007 article by the Associated Press.

http://epw.senate.gov/public/index.cfm?FuseAction=Minority.PressReleases&ContentRecord_id=fa83f130-802a-23ad-4c51-c421f167d5df

17. Study Says Smaller Glaciers the Bigger Threat To Sea Level Rise than Greenland/Antarctica

Excerpt: A study posted on Science Express says that smaller, thawing glaciers are a much more immediate threat when it comes to the anticipated rise in sea levels this century compared to the much larger ice sheets. Even though these smaller glaciers only contain 1% of the total water locked up in the Greenland and Antarctic Ice Sheets, they still could account for 6% of the predicted sea rise by 2100 if they continue to melt, which could add 4 to 10 inches to the world’s sea level by the end of the century.

http://global-warming.accuweather.com/2007/07/study_says_smaller_glaciers_th.html

18. What global warming? West Palm shows few signs of rising temperatures

http://www.sun-sentinel.com/news/local/palmbeach/sfl-flftemps0725pnjul25,0,749955.story

19. Global Warming Threatens Coffee Collapse in Uganda

http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2007/07/070724-uganda-coffee.html

20. Scientist Develops Allergen-Free Peanut

http://www.theindychannel.com/health/13750345/detail.html

21. 900-year-old hidden treasure found attached to Octopus’s tentacles

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/pages/live/articles/news/worldnews.html?in_article_id=470566&in_page_id=1811

22. What It Feels Like … to Be Struck by Lightning

Excerpt: When the bolt hit, I was absolutely frozen, just as cold as I’ve ever been in my entire life, but then part of me was incredibly hot, too. I saw these red flashing lights, and I kept thinking, It’s a fire truck! A fire truck! as if I were a little kid. Then there was the most incredible noise I’d ever heard. The sound was so loud that I honestly couldn’t hear anything. Evidently, it’s so loud that it blows the cilia in the ear completely flat. I felt as if I’d been slammed between two Dumpsters. It was like every case of the flu you’ve ever had, at one time. My arms and my legs and my hands all felt as if they weighed five thousand pounds. Every bit of my body was just in absolute pain. It was such a dull ache, and so sharp at the same time; it was like everything from a migraine headache to a hangover to needles being stuck in every millimeter of your body. My hair hurt, my eyelashes hurt; I could feel it when my hair moved, when the wind blew across me.

http://www.wbko.com/station/misc/6724897.html

Filed Under: Uncategorized

Australia’s Energy Future: Barracking for Technology

July 29, 2007 By jennifer

Banning the development of a nuclear power industry in Australia on the basis of the Chernobyl disaster, would be like banning PO Cruises on the basis the Titanic sank.

This was one of the many comments I made when I was part of a panel at the ‘Noosa Long Weekend’ Festival discussing Australia’s energy future.

The two hour session has now be cut down to about an hour and can be heard on Radio
National’s Big Ideas program click here: http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bigideas/stories/2007/1986711.htm

I’m one of five panelists and described by Robyn Williams as “barracking for technology”.

The broadcast can be heard on radio again next Saturday at 7pm and will be on air during the Radio National Summer programming later in the year.

———————————-
According to the Radio National Website:

Australia 2050: A New Energy Future?

Hydrocarbons, nuclear or renewables? The temperature is rising on this debate. Join five disputants and an erudite ringmaster for a passionate verbal spar. Can coal be truly clean? Will nuclear energy solve our base load problems? Is talk about wind and sun just a lot of hot air? Richard Neville, who has challenged conventional thinking for 40 years, will argue the toss with supporters of coal, nuclear power and renewable energy. Recorded at the Noosa Longweekend Festival.

Guests

Richard Broinowski
Author

John Harries
Australian Nuclear Association

Jennifer Marohasy
Institute of Public Affairs

Chris Reidy
Institute of Sustainable Futures, University of Technology, Sydney

Doug Holden
Australian Coal Association

Listen here: http://www.abc.net.au/rn/bigideas/stories/2007/1986711.htm

Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: Energy & Nuclear

Stealing Water from the Macquarie Marshes: A Note and More Pictures from Chris Hogendyk

July 26, 2007 By jennifer

During the past month there has been a tributary flood event in the Macquarie Valley resulting in a moderate but valuable volume of water (approximately 26,000 megalitres) making its way down to the drought ravaged Macquarie Marshes.

Over 30% of this water was delivered away from the publicly owned Nature Reserves into the Gum Cowal/Terrigal system than runs down the eastern side of the Macquarie Marshes. This system has been receiving almost annual flooding throughout the drought. All this system is on privately owned country and as can be seen from the following images, the water is simply being diverted out onto the flood plain to grow fodder for cattle.

The following images show only two examples of the many diversions that are occurring.

mac marshes blog 1.jpg

mac marshes blog 2.jpg

Sadly, while this is happening, the two Nature Reserves originally selected for their key ecological values and owned by the people of NSW, lie starved for water and are in a significantly worse state having missed out on much of the so called environmental flows that have been despatched to the Marshes over a considerable period. Mr Hogendyk, Chair of Macquarie River Food and Fibre (MRFF) says this situation is absurd. “We are losing these iconic wetlands yet everyone involved is closing their eyes to the real cause of the problems.

Government and NGOs are simply focused on attacking the irrigation industry and buying more water entitlements while continuing to deliver water without understanding how it is being managed and diverted in the Marshes. ”

Mr Whittaker, executive member of MRFF adds “even when water does get directed to the Nature Reserves, both have large embankments upstream of them robbing them of much of their water. Has anyone assessed the impact of these banks?”

“Furthermore, of the water that does get into the Northern Nature Reserve, much of the water passes down the Bora channel system to the west rather than down the Macquarie River system. This deprives the core reed beds of much of their water” he said. The Bora channel prior to 1980 used to carry only 30% of the Macquarie River flows, now it carries 70%.

It is time all parties involved with the Marshes sat down and worked out an effective protocol for the long term by understanding the real issues and taking ownership of what are questionable practices and diversions. It is no longer acceptable for government, NGOs and some scientists to make judgements from afar that bear no resemblance to what is really the underlying problem.

from Chris Hogendyk
Chair of Macquarie River Food and Fibre

———————————
I have written about the marshes here for OLO: http://www.onlineopinion.com.au/view.asp?article=4377
And there are more blog posts here: https://jennifermarohasy.com.dev.internet-thinking.com.au/faq.php?id=14&category=17

Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: Water

CO2 Record in Ice Cores Unreliable: A Note from Paul Williams

July 26, 2007 By jennifer

The Intergovernmental Panel on Cllimate Change (IPCC) estimates pre-industrial levels of CO2 based largely on information derived from ice cores. These are kilometres long cylinders of ice drilled (in short sections) from the Greenland and Antarctic icecaps.

The theory is that air bubbles trapped in the ice are samples of the ancient atmosphere, and thus give an accurate reading of CO2 levels in those ancient times. The ice cores tell us that the pre-industrial level of
CO2 was about 290 parts per million (ppm).

Of course it’s not that simple. There are many factors to take into account, because ice from deep down in the ice cap is under enormous pressure, and that pressure is released when the cores are brought to the surface.

A brief summary of some of the processes going on in ancient, deep ice can be found here:

http://geoweb.princeton.edu/people/bender/lab/research_ice_cores.html

Zbigniew Jaworowski, a multidisciplinary scientist, has long been a critic of the ice core CO2 record:

http://www.21stcenturysciencetech.com/2006_articles/IceCoreSprg97.pdf

http://www.larouchepub.com/eiw/public/2007/2007_10-19/2007-11/pdf/38_711_science.pdf

He makes a number of claims:

1. Ice core results reported before about 1985 showed higher CO2 levels than those reported since 1985, which he details in his 1997 paper.

2. Low pre-industrial concentration of CO2 in ice cores is an artefact caused by more than 20 physical-chemical processes. For example, CO2 is more than seventy times as soluble in water as is nitrogen, and liquid water is present in deep ice, even at -73C.

3. Drilling and retrieval of ice cores, including their decompression as they are brought to the surface, drastically disturbs the sample.

4. Subsurface melting of snow due to absorption of solar radiation is common in very cold sites, and may occur several times a year. This implies that the practice of dating ice cores using isotopes of oxygen, which assumes the temperature peaks are yearly events, is wrong.

The net result of these effects is to lower the CO2 levels in ice compared to that found in the atmosphere, by 30 – 50%, and to minimise fluctuations in CO2 in ice compared to the atmosphere.

Jaworowski illustrates this by comparing ice core data to other CO2 proxy data, such as stomata indices, which gives higher atmospheric CO2, with more variation than the ice core data over the last 8,000 years.

There is no doubt that ice core analysis is a highly technical subject, and scientists must make many assumptions when interpreting the data. One assumption that I personally found very interesting was that air inclusions in the snow and firn, or compacted granular snow, are well mixed with the atmosphere. In other words, the air in the hard packed snow is basically the same as the atmospheric air, down to the level of the ice. This could be 50 – 120 metres below the surface. Imagine hard packed snow that far down having a connection (and circulation with) the surface air. To me this is very counter-intuitive, but apparently Argon dating confirms it.

Jaworowski claims this is wrong, and that impenetrable layers, caused by melting and refreezing, cut off air inclusions from the atmosphere much earlier. This is the basis of his criticism that ice core data from the Siple core showed similar CO2 levels as the atmosphere did 83 years later, and thus the air in the ice core was assumed to be 83 years younger than the ice it was in.

Jaworowski has been criticised here:

http://www.someareboojums.org/blog/?p=7

The late Hans Oeschger, a prominent ice core scientist, was also critical of Jaworowski, and wrote a letter in 1995 expressing his views :

http://www.someareboojums.org/blog/?p=12

Following are some other links.

Jaworowski interview in May this year:

http://www.canada.com/nationalpost/news/story.html?id=25526754-e53a-4
899-84af-5d9089a5dcb6&p=1

Diffusion of CO2 in atmospheric gas analysis (on pp10 – 11)

http://www.biomind.de/nogreenhouse/daten/AIGnewsNov06.pdf

———————————

From Paul Williams who lives in the Adelaide Hills, Australia

Other contributions to this blog from Paul Williams include:

Hockey sticks and ancient pine tree, at https://jennifermarohasy.com.dev.internet-thinking.com.au/blog/archives/001546.html
Measuring Atmosheric C02, at https://jennifermarohasy.com.dev.internet-thinking.com.au/blog/archives/001983.html
Build Dykes to Beat Global Warming, at https://jennifermarohasy.com.dev.internet-thinking.com.au/blog/archives/001983.html

Filed Under: Uncategorized Tagged With: Climate & Climate Change

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Jennifer Marohasy Jennifer Marohasy BSc PhD has worked in industry and government. She is currently researching a novel technique for long-range weather forecasting funded by the B. Macfie Family Foundation. Read more

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